* Siege of Sarajevo: Milosevic's forces besieged Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia, for 44 months, from 1992 to 1996. During the siege, Milosevic's forces killed an estimated 11,000 people and injured tens of thousands more.
* Massacres of Bosnian Muslims: Milosevic's forces carried out massacres of Bosnian Muslims in several towns, including Srebrenica, where nearly 8,400 men and boys were killed in 1995.
* Internment camps: Milosevic's forces established and ran internment camps where Bosnian Muslims were held in inhumane conditions and tortured.
Kosovo
* Operation Horseshoe: In 1998, Milosevic launched a military operation against the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), an ethnic Albanian separatist group. During Operation Horseshoe, Milosevic's forces killed an estimated 1,200 ethnic Albanians and displaced hundreds of thousands more.
* Massacres of ethnic Albanians: Milosevic's forces carried out massacres of ethnic Albanians in several towns, including Racak, where 45 people were killed in 1999.
* Destruction of cultural heritage: Milosevic's forces destroyed mosques, churches, and other cultural sites throughout Kosovo.