* Azores (Portugal)
* Madeira (Portugal)
* Canary Islands (Spain)
* Cape Verde
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Ascension Island (UK)
* Saint Helena (UK)
* Tristan da Cunha (UK)
* Indian Ocean:
* Madagascar
* Comoros
* Mauritius
* Réunion (France)
* Seychelles
* Maldives
* Socotra (Yemen)
* Red Sea:
* Dahlak Archipelago (Eritrea)
* Farasan Islands (Saudi Arabia)
* Hanish Islands (Yemen)