- The Hittites were an Indo-European people who established a powerful kingdom in Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) in the 17th century BCE. The Hittites were skilled warriors and administrators and their empire was one of the most powerful in the ancient Near East. The Hittites were also responsible for the development of several important technological advances, including ironworking and the chariot.
- The Hurrians were another Indo-European people who migrated to Southwest Asia from the Caucasus Mountains. The Hurrians established several small kingdoms in northern Syria and Mesopotamia and their culture had a significant influence on the development of civilization in the region. The Hurrians were particularly known for their art and architecture, and they were also responsible for the development of several important religious traditions.
- The Kassites were an Indo-European people who migrated to Southwest Asia from the Zagros Mountains. The Kassites established a dynasty that ruled Babylonia for several centuries and their culture had a significant influence on the development of Babylonian civilization. The Kassites were particularly known for their military prowess, and they were responsible for several major victories against the Assyrians and the Elamites.