Natural Resources of Indonesia

Indonesia is rich in natural resources:

1. Forestry: World's largest plywood, pulp, paper producer; major timber, rattan.
2. Minerals: Coal, copper, gold, nickel, silver, tin, zinc.
3. Hydrocarbons: Major oil and gas producer/exporter.
4. Agriculture: Fertile volcanic soil; rice, palm oil, rubber, coffee, tea, cocoa, spices.
5. Marine: Vast coastline; fish, shrimp, crab, lobster, tuna, sardines, mackerel, seaweed.
6. Water: Abundant rivers, lakes, groundwater.
7. Geothermal: ~40% of world's reserves—largest potential.
8. Solar: Equatorial location, high solar radiation.
9. Wind: Good potential in coastal/mountain areas.
10. Hydropower: Large rivers in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Papua.