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La Niña is a climate pattern that causes cooler than average sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean. This can lead to increased rainfall and flooding in the countries around the Pacific Ocean, including Australia.
The 2010-2011 La Niña was one of the strongest on record. It brought heavy rainfall to much of Australia, including Queensland.
An unusually strong monsoon also contributed to the floods. Monsoons are seasonal winds that bring heavy rainfall to parts of Asia and Australia. The 2010–2011 monsoon was particularly strong, and it brought heavy rainfall to Queensland.
A slow-moving weather system also played a role in the floods. The weather system stalled over Queensland, and it brought days of heavy rain.
The combination of these three factors led to the devastating floods that occurred in Queensland in 2010–2011. The floods killed 35 people and caused an estimated $10 billion in damage.