1. The House of Representatives: This is the lower house of the Parliament, and its members are elected by the Australian people. The House of Representatives has 151 members, and each member represents a single electorate.
2. The Senate: This is the upper house of the Parliament, and its members are elected by the Australian people through proportional representation. The Senate has 76 members, and each state has 12 senators, while the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory each have two senators.
3. The Governor-General: The Governor-General is the representative of the Australian monarch, and is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Australian Prime Minister. The Governor-General has the power to dissolve the House of Representatives, to appoint and dismiss ministers of state, and to sign bills into law.