- Sudbury is approximately 400 kilometres (250 miles) north of Toronto and 650 kilometres (400 miles) west of Montreal.
- The city is situated on the shores of Lake Huron and is surrounded by the Canadian Shield, a vast region of Precambrian rock that covers much of central and eastern Canada.
- Sudbury is also located within the Nickel Belt, a geological formation that contains some of the world's richest nickel deposits.