* Poverty: Brazil is a very unequal country, and there is a large gap between the rich and the poor. Poverty is a major problem, especially in the northeast region of the country. Millions of Brazilians live in slums, where they often lack access to basic services such as clean water, sanitation, and healthcare.
* Corruption: Corruption is a major problem in Brazil, and it affects all levels of government and society. Corruption can take many forms, including bribery, embezzlement, and nepotism. It can lead to a lack of trust in the government and can hinder economic growth.
* Environmental degradation: Brazil is home to some of the most biodiverse ecosystems in the world, but these ecosystems are under threat from deforestation, pollution, and climate change. Deforestation is a major problem in the Amazon rainforest, where large areas of forest are being cleared for logging, cattle ranching, and soybean farming. Pollution is also a major problem, especially in the country's major cities, where air pollution and water pollution are common. Climate change is also having a major impact on Brazil, causing rising sea levels, more extreme weather events, and changes in agricultural yields.
* Political instability: Brazil has experienced a period of political instability in recent years, with the impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff in 2016 and the election of far-right President Jair Bolsonaro in 2018. Bolsonaro's presidency has been marked by controversy, with his policies on the environment, human rights, and indigenous peoples drawing widespread criticism.