Belgium at a Glance: Key Facts & Figures

Belgium: Essential Country Profile

Belgium is a small but highly developed federal monarchy in Western Europe, known for its medieval towns, Renaissance architecture, and as the headquarters of the EU and NATO.

Quick Reference

Category Details
Capital Brussels
Population ~12 million (2023 est.)
Area 30,528 km² (11,787 sq mi)
Currency Euro (€)
Official Languages Dutch (Flemish), French, German
Government Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Head of State King Philippe
Prime Minister Alexander De Croo (as of 2024)
Main Industries Services, advanced manufacturing, agriculture, logistics
Key Exports Machinery, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, food products, diamonds
Key Imports Machinery, vehicles, chemicals, food, fuel
GDP (Nominal) ~$524 billion (2022)
GDP (PPP) ~$676 billion (2022)
HDI (2020) 0.919 (Very High)
Life Expectancy 79.4 years (2019)
Literacy Rate 99.9% (2016)
Major Religions Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, Islam, Judaism
National Day July 21 (Belgian National Day)

Belgium's strategic location, multilingual workforce, and open economy make it a vital hub in the European single market.

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