Why do Hungarians want Transylvania?

There are several reasons why Hungarians have strong feelings about Transylvania, a region that is currently part of Romania.

1. Historical and Cultural Ties: Transylvania was once part of the Kingdom of Hungary for several centuries, from the 11th century until the Treaty of Trianon in 1920. During this period, Hungary established administrative, religious, and cultural institutions and settlements in Transylvania. The city of Cluj (formerly Kolozsvár) served as a major center of Hungarian intellectual and cultural life, and the region was home to a significant Hungarian population. The Hungarian community continues to have strong cultural and emotional connections to their historical presence in Transylvania.

2. Demographic Shifts: After World War I and the Treaty of Trianon, significant demographic changes occurred in Transylvania, with the region becoming part of Romania. While Transylvania initially had a diverse population that included Hungarians, Romanians, Germans, and other groups, the post-war period saw an increase in the Romanian population, while the percentage of Hungarians in the region decreased. Consequently, Hungarians have expressed concerns about the preservation and protection of their cultural and linguistic identity in Transylvania, amid demographic shifts and nationalist sentiments.

3. Territorial Claims and Resentment: The loss of Transylvania to Romania in 1920 created resentment and a feeling of irredentism among some Hungarians, particularly those who perceived Transylvania as a part of their historical homeland or nation-state. The feeling of injustice and the desire to regain lost territories have been a source of tension between Hungary and Romania, although official positions from both governments in recent decades have focused on promoting reconciliation, cooperation, and minority rights protection in the region.

4. Cultural Heritage: Transylvania is home to numerous historical sites and monuments of cultural significance to Hungarians, such as medieval castles, churches, and fortified towns, which are viewed as symbols of Hungarian history, influence, and architecture. The preservation and recognition of this cultural heritage in the region hold emotional and symbolic value for many Hungarians.

5. Minority Rights and Recognition: Hungarians in Transylvania, like other minority groups in the region, have advocated for the recognition and protection of their cultural, linguistic, and educational rights. Ensuring the equal treatment and flourishing of minority communities is an important aspect of fostering peaceful and harmonious relations in a multicultural society.

It's important to note that discussions about Transylvania and Hungarian-Romanian relations encompass complex historical, political, and cultural factors. In contemporary times, efforts have been made to promote understanding, cooperation, and mutual respect between Hungary and Romania, emphasizing the importance of minority rights and regional cooperation in the European Union.