Europe is a peninsula of peninsulas on the western end of Eurasia, in the Northern Hemisphere (mostly 35°–71°N), bordered by three major water bodies.
| Direction | Neighbor / Feature |
|---|---|
| North | Arctic Ocean (Barents, Kara, White Seas), Svalbard, Greenland (across Denmark Strait) |
| Northeast | Russia (Ural Mountains boundary) |
| East | Asia (via Urals, Ural River, Caspian, Caucasus) |
| Southeast | Turkey (Bosporus/Dardanelles), Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan), Black Sea |
| South | Mediterranean Sea, North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt) |
| Southwest | Atlantic Ocean (Strait of Gibraltar), Morocco/Spain proximity |
| West | Atlantic Ocean (North America across ~3,000–5,000 km) |
| Northwest | Iceland (mid-Atlantic Ridge), Greenland |