Europe's Five Peninsulas and Their Countries

Europe's five major peninsulas each host a distinct cluster of nations:

1. Iberian Peninsula (Southwest)

• Portugal
• Spain
• Andorra (co-principality in Pyrenees)
• Gibraltar (British Overseas Territory)

2. Italian Peninsula (South Central)

• Italy
• San Marino (enclave)
• Vatican City (enclave in Rome)

3. Balkan Peninsula (Southeast)

• Albania
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Bulgaria
• Croatia
• Greece
• Kosovo (partially recognized)
• Montenegro
• North Macedonia
• Romania (mostly; Dobruja region)
• Serbia
• Slovenia (northern edge)
• Turkey (East Thrace only — 3% of territory)

4. Scandinavian Peninsula (North)

• Norway
• Sweden
• Finland (northern Lapland only; geologically Fennoscandian Shield)

5. Jutland Peninsula (North Central)

• Denmark (Jutland + islands)
• Germany (Schleswig-Holstein — northernmost state)
• Poland (tiny sliver of Pomerania at base — not usually considered part of peninsula)

Note

Definitions vary: Kola Peninsula (Russia), Brittany (France), Peloponnese (Greece — sub-peninsula) are smaller. The five above are the major continental peninsulas.