1. Diplomatic Efforts:
- The United States expressed its concern and condemnation of the massacres but did not take any significant steps to intervene or pressure the Ottoman government.
- European powers such as Britain, France, and Russia issued public statements condemning the atrocities but also pursued their interests and diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire.
2. Humanitarian Aid:
- Several relief organizations, including the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief and the German Near East Relief Fund, provided humanitarian assistance to Armenian survivors.
- The United States government appropriated funds for relief efforts and sent medical personnel to assist the survivors.
3. Eyewitness Accounts and Reporting:
- Journalists, missionaries, and diplomats reported on the atrocities they witnessed in Armenia. These reports helped raise awareness about the genocide internationally.
- The German ambassador to Turkey, Hans von Wangenheim, sent detailed accounts of the massacres to his government, urging them to take action.
4. International Investigations:
- In 1915, a commission of inquiry established by the Allied powers visited Armenia and gathered evidence of the atrocities committed. Their findings were published in the Bryce Report, which documented the genocide.
- The League of Nations later appointed an international commission to investigate the events in Armenia, but its findings were not published until after the war.
5. Post-War Trials and Recognition:
- After the war, the Allied powers established military tribunals to prosecute Ottoman war criminals, but most were acquitted or given lenient sentences.
- Some countries, such as France and Uruguay, recognized the Armenian genocide and condemned the atrocities, but widespread international recognition did not occur until much later.
Overall, the international community's response during the Armenian genocide was marked by a lack of decisive action, political considerations, and insufficient pressure on the Ottoman government to stop the atrocities.