* The Mojave Desert: This desert stretches across the southeastern portion of California and is known for its hot and dry climate. The Mojave Desert was another major barrier for settlers traveling from Mexico to Alta California, as it was difficult to cross without adequate water supplies.
* The Colorado River: This river runs along the eastern border of California and can be difficult to cross, especially during times of high water. The Colorado River was a minor barrier for settlers traveling from Mexico to Alta California, but it did pose some challenges for those attempting to cross it.