Roman Catholicism in South Korea: 5.8 Million Adherents (10%)

Catholicism's Strong Presence in South Korea

Yes, South Korea has a significant Roman Catholic population: approximately 5.8 million (about 10% of the total population), making it the largest Catholic country in East Asia and the sixth-largest in Asia.

Historical Timeline

• 1794: First Catholic missionaries arrive (Chinese priest Fr. James Zhou Wen-mo).
• 19th century: Severe persecution (10,000+ martyrs); 103 canonized saints.
• 1880s: Religious freedom treaties allow open practice.
• Post-Korean War: Rapid growth; Church involved in democracy movement (1970s–80s).
• 1984: Pope John Paul II visits; canonizes 103 Korean martyrs.
• 2014: Pope Francis visits; beatsifies 124 martyrs.

Current Role

The Church runs extensive social services (hospitals, schools, welfare) and is influential in civil society. Seoul's Myeongdong Cathedral is a landmark.