The issue of slavery was a major factor in the Civil War. The southern states seceded from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America in order to protect their right to own slaves. The northern states, on the other hand, believed that slavery was morally wrong and that the federal government had the right to abolish it. The Civil War was fought between the Union and the Confederacy from 1861 to 1865. The Union won the war and slavery was abolished in the United States.