What major issues and events created dissension between the north south that started with controversy over Missouri Compromise ended succession of southern states?

The major issues and events that created dissension between the North and South, starting with the controversy over the Missouri Compromise and ending with the secession of the Southern states, were:

1. Slavery: The institution of slavery was the most contentious issue between the North and South. The Northern states were predominantly opposed to slavery, while the Southern states relied heavily on slave labor for their agricultural economies. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 temporarily resolved the issue by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, but it also established the precedent that future states would be admitted in pairs, one slave and one free.

2. Economic Differences: The North and South had distinct economic systems. The Northern economy was based on industrialization, manufacturing, and trade, while the Southern economy was based on agriculture, particularly the cultivation of cash crops such as cotton. These economic differences led to conflicting interests and tensions between the two regions.

3. States' Rights vs. Federal Power: The issue of states' rights versus federal power was another source of conflict. The Southern states advocated for states' rights, arguing that the federal government should have limited powers and that each state should have the right to determine its own laws and policies. The Northern states, on the other hand, supported a stronger federal government that could regulate interstate commerce and ensure the protection of individual rights.

4. Expansion of Slavery into New Territories: The issue of slavery became particularly contentious as the United States expanded westward and acquired new territories. The Northern states opposed the expansion of slavery into these territories, while the Southern states insisted on their right to take their slaves into the new territories. The disagreement led to heated debates in Congress and contributed to the growing tension between the North and South.

5. Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857): The Supreme Court's decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford was a major turning point in the conflict between the North and South. In this case, the Court ruled that African Americans were not citizens and could not sue in federal court. The decision sparked outrage in the North and further deepened the divide between the two regions.

6. John Brown's Raid (1859): John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859 was a failed attempt to incite a slave rebellion. Brown's actions further inflamed tensions between the North and South and contributed to the growing sense of crisis.

7. Election of Abraham Lincoln (1860): The election of Abraham Lincoln, a vocal opponent of slavery, as president in 1860 was the final straw for the Southern states. Lincoln's election signaled that the federal government was now in the hands of a party committed to limiting the expansion of slavery. In response, Southern states began to secede from the Union, starting with South Carolina in December 1860.

These were some of the major issues and events that led to the dissension between the North and South and ultimately culminated in the secession of the Southern states and the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861.