- Continental margin: This is the zone where the continent meets the ocean. It includes the continental shelf, slope, and rise.
- Oceanic crust: This is the layer of rock that forms the ocean floor. It is made up of basalt, a volcanic rock.
- Sediments: These are materials that have been deposited on the ocean floor. They can be organic, such as the remains of plants and animals, or inorganic, such as sand and mud.
- Ocean water: This is the water that fills the ocean basins. It is made up of salt water, which contains dissolved minerals.