1. Latitude: Africa is located on the equator, which means that it receives a lot of direct sunlight. This is the most important factor in determining the temperature of a region.
2. Lack of large bodies of water: Africa has relatively few large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans. This means that there is little water to absorb the heat from the sun.
3. Desertification: Much of Africa is covered by desert, which has a very low albedo (the amount of solar radiation that is reflected back into space). This means that a lot of the sun's energy is absorbed by the desert, causing the temperature to rise.
4. Atmospheric conditions: The air in Africa is often very dry, which means that it does not hold onto heat as well as humid air. This can cause the temperature to fluctuate greatly between day and night.
Overall, the combination of these factors contributes to the high temperatures that are experienced in most of Africa.