Zimbabwe: Independence, Ruling Party, and Leadership

Independence: April 18, 1980 (from United Kingdom)

Ruling Party Since Independence: ZANU–PF (Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front)

Current Leader (as of 2024): President Emmerson Mnangagwa (in office since November 2017, succeeding Robert Mugabe after 37 years)

📜 Historical Context

• 1980: Mugabe (ZANU-PF) becomes first PM; 1987 → Executive President
• 2000s: Land reform, hyperinflation, contested elections
• 2017: Military-assisted transition; Mnangagwa takes over
• 2018, 2023: Mnangagwa wins disputed elections
• Opposition: CCC (Citizens Coalition for Change), formerly MDC

ZANU-PF has governed continuously for 44+ years—one of Africa's longest-ruling parties.