Crowther then worked for the Church Missionary Society (CMS) for much of his life, becoming a priest, Bible translator, and eventually a missionary in what is now Nigeria where he spent much of his life traveling, teaching, and working to translate the Bible into local languages.
As Anglican Bishop on the Niger from
1864 (consecrated June 29) untill his resignation August 1891 due to ill health, he contributed substantially to the spread of Christianity in Nigeria despite having to contend with internal squabbles within the mission field itself.