Major Problems Facing Madagascar

Environmental Issues

• Deforestation: Rapid rainforest loss from logging, slash-and-burn agriculture, charcoal production → soil erosion, biodiversity loss, flooding.
• Water Pollution: Sewage and agricultural runoff harm health, animals, coral reefs.
• Climate Change: Rising seas, extreme weather, shifting ecosystems.

Economic Issues

• Poverty: Over half population below poverty line → hunger, malnutrition, disease.
• Unemployment: Especially youth; lack of jobs and skills training.
• Inflation: Rising food/fuel costs make basics unaffordable.

Political Issues

• Corruption: Major obstacle to development; ranked among most corrupt globally.
• Political Instability: Crises (e.g., 2009 overthrow of President Ravalomanana) hinder policy implementation.

Madagascar needs international assistance to address these challenges.