Bessarabia is a historical region that is now divided between Moldova, Ukraine, and Romania. It was part of the Russian Empire from 1812 to 1917, when it became part of Romania. In 1940, the Soviet Union annexed Bessarabia, and it became part of the Moldovan Soviet Socialist Republic. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Moldova became an independent country, but it was landlocked because it did not have access to the Black Sea.