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1. Formation of the Constitutional Review Commission:
- In 1989, the Provisional National Defense Council (PNDC) government of Ghana established a Constitutional Review Commission to draft a new constitution for Ghana.
2. Public Consultations:
- The commission embarked on extensive public consultations to seek the views and aspirations of various stakeholders, including citizens' groups, political parties, and civil society organizations.
3. Drafting of the Constitutional Proposals:
- The Constitutional Review Commission worked on the initial drafts of the constitution based on the information gathered during public consultations.
4. Appointment of the Consultative Assembly:
- In 1991, the PNDC constituted a Consultative Assembly to review and deliberate on the draft constitution. The assembly members were selected from different backgrounds, professions, and regions of the country.
5. Deliberations and Amendments:
- The Consultative Assembly held several sessions to debate and amend the constitutional proposals. The debates were televised, allowing the public to follow the proceedings.
6. Adoption of the Constitution:
- On April 28, 1992, the Consultative Assembly adopted the final draft of the constitution. The document was overwhelmingly approved by the Ghanaian public in a referendum held on 28 April 1992.
7. Promulgation:
- The 1992 Constitution was officially promulgated on January 7, 1993, marking the beginning of the 4th Republic of Ghana and the return of the country to constitutional rule.
The entire process of drafting the 1992 Constitution of Ghana was conducted with the active involvement of citizens, political groups, and various interest groups, making it a product of consensus-building and inclusive discussions. The constitution remains the supreme law of Ghana, guiding the governance of the country and upholding the fundamental principles of democracy and rule of law.