What did Portuguese trade in Africa?

Gold and Ivory: Gold was one of the most sought-after commodities by the Portuguese. It was found in abundance in regions such as Sofala, Kilwa, and Mombasa. Ivory was also a valuable trade item, obtained from elephants found in the African interior.

Slaves: The Portuguese were deeply involved in the transatlantic slave trade, capturing and selling enslaved African individuals to European markets. This trade was a significant aspect of the Portuguese presence in Africa and had devastating impacts on African communities.

Spices: Spices like pepper, cinnamon, and cloves were highly valued in Europe during the medieval period. The Portuguese sought to control the trade of these spices, which were found in regions like the Swahili Coast and the Malabar Coast of India.

Textiles: The Portuguese also traded in textiles, including cotton and silk fabrics produced in Africa and India. These textiles were often used as a form of currency and for making clothing.

Animal Products: Hides and skins of animals, such as cow, goat, and gazelle, were traded as leather for various purposes, including the production of clothing and furniture.

Minerals and Metals: Copper, iron, and other minerals were mined and traded in regions of Africa controlled by the Portuguese.

Tropical Products: Goods like sugar, tropical fruits, and coconuts were also part of the Portuguese trade network.

Precious Stones: Emeralds, rubies, and other gemstones found in areas such as Mozambique were also sought after by Portuguese traders.

It's important to note that the Portuguese trade activities had significant impacts on African economies and societies, both positive and negative, and were closely intertwined with the broader context of European colonialism and the global trade networks of the time.