The Mekong River is the principal geographical feature of Cambodia, the longest river in Southeast Asia, forming the border between Cambodia and Laos. It supports ecosystems, provides livelihood for millions, influences the climate, irrigates agriculture, and offers transportation and trade routes.
2. Tonle Sap Lake:
The Tonle Sap Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia, located in central Cambodia. It's unique hydrological system creates a seasonal reversal in the flow of the Tonle Sap River, connecting to the Mekong River and flooding vast surrounding areas during the wet season, creating rich fisheries and agriculture.
3. Cardamom Mountains:
The Cardamom Mountains are a rugged, forested mountain range in southwestern Cambodia, running parallel to the Gulf of Thailand. The forests are biodiversity hotspots, housing endangered wildlife and indigenous communities.
4. Coastal Plains:
The coastal plains encompass Cambodia's southwestern region, stretching along the Gulf of Thailand coastline. Mangroves, rice paddies, and fishing communities exist here.
5. Lowlands:
Lowland plains dominate much of central and eastern Cambodia. These areas are fertile, supporting agriculture, with paddy fields, rice cultivation, and villages.
6. Dangrek Mountains:
The Dangrek Mountains form the northern border of Cambodia, stretching from eastern Thailand to the south. The mountains mark the divide between the Mekong River Basin and the Korat Plateau, with remnants of ancient Khmer temples.
7. Phnom Kulen:
Phnom Kulen, a sacred mountain north of Siem Reap, is considered the birthplace of the Khmer Empire. It includes the Kbal Spean riverbed carvings and the peak temple of Phnom Kulen.
8. Bassac River:
The Bassac River is a tributary of the Mekong, flowing through Phnom Penh and meeting the Tonle Sap River near the lake. It plays an important role in transportation, fishing, and commerce.
