Canberra has a continental climate with distinct seasons: hot summers and cool winters.
However, extreme heat events occur. January 2018 saw a record 43.0°C (109.4°F), triggering devastating bushfires. Contributing factors include Canberra's valley location (trapping heat), surrounding mountains (blocking airflow), and climate change, which has increased days above 35°C by over 50% since 1950. This trend is projected to continue.