Australia’s Government (as of 2021): Constitutional Monarchy & Parliamentary Democracy

Structure

• Head of State: King Charles III (since 2022), represented by Governor-General (David Hurley, 2019–2024).
• Head of Government: Prime Minister (Anthony Albanese, Labor, since May 2022).
• Parliament: Bicameral – House of Representatives (151 seats, population-based) + Senate (76 seats, 12 per state, 2 per territory).
• Electoral System: House: full preferential voting. Senate: proportional (STV).
• Government Formation: Party/coalition with House majority. PM commissioned by Governor-General.
• Cabinet: Senior ministers chosen by PM from Parliament.

Federalism

Six states + two territories have own constitutions, parliaments, premiers/chief ministers. Shared/residual powers per Constitution.

Update Note

Original answer reflected Scott Morrison (Liberal-National Coalition, 2018–2022). Current PM is Anthony Albanese (Labor). Always verify latest.