The United Kingdom operates on Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) during winter and British Summer Time (BST, GMT+1) in summer. Most of Australia's populated east coast uses Australian Eastern Standard Time (AEST), which is 10 hours ahead of GMT (or 9 hours ahead during BST). Because both regions observe daylight saving on different schedules, the gap shifts between 9 and 11 hours depending on the season. Always check current offsets before scheduling calls or travel.