Religion
* Afghanistan: Islam is the official religion of Afghanistan, and approximately 99% of the population is Muslim.
* Australia: Australia is a secular state with no official religion. However, Christianity is the most commonly practiced religion, with approximately 61% of the population identifying as Christian.
Language
* Afghanistan: The official languages of Afghanistan are Pashto and Dari. However, a number of other languages are also spoken, including Uzbek, Turkmen, and Balochi.
* Australia: The official language of Australia is English. However, a number of other languages are also spoken, including Mandarin, Italian, Greek, and Arabic.
Ethnicity
* Afghanistan: Afghanistan is a multi-ethnic country, with the largest ethnic groups being the Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazaras, and Uzbeks.
* Australia: Australia is a multicultural country, with a population that comes from a wide range of ethnic backgrounds. The largest ethnic groups in Australia include English, Australian, Irish, Scottish, and Chinese.
Social Structure
* Afghanistan: Afghanistan is a patriarchal society, with men holding most of the power and decision-making roles. Women are often confined to the home and have few opportunities for education or employment.
* Australia: Australia is a relatively egalitarian society, with men and women having equal rights and opportunities. Women are free to work, vote, and own property.
Family Structure
* Afghanistan: The traditional Afghan family is extended, with multiple generations living together under one roof. Families are typically close-knit, and there is a strong sense of loyalty and obligation to one another.
* Australia: Australian families come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Some families are traditional, with a married couple and children, while others are single-parent families or childless couples. There is no one "right" way to be a family in Australia.
Education
* Afghanistan: The education system in Afghanistan is still developing, and there are significant challenges to access to education, especially for girls.
* Australia: Australia has a well-developed education system, with free and compulsory education for all children aged 6-16.
Healthcare
* Afghanistan: The healthcare system in Afghanistan is in a state of crisis, with many people lacking access to basic healthcare services.
* Australia: Australia has a well-developed healthcare system, with universal access to healthcare for all citizens and permanent residents.
Economy
* Afghanistan: The economy of Afghanistan is heavily dependent on agriculture, with over half of the population employed in the agricultural sector. The country also has a significant dependence on foreign aid.
* Australia: Australia has a highly developed economy, with a GDP per capita of over $50,000. The country is a major exporter of minerals, agricultural products, and services.
Politics
* Afghanistan: Afghanistan is a parliamentary republic, with a president as head of state and a prime minister as head of government. The country is also deeply divided along ethnic and religious lines, which has led to conflict and instability.
* Australia: Australia is a constitutional monarchy, with a queen as head of state and a prime minister as head of government. The country has a stable and well-functioning democracy, with a multi-party system and free and fair elections.
