Types of Swamplands: Bog, Fen, Marsh, Swamp, Mangrove

Wetlands come in several distinct forms:

• Bog – Acidic, sphagnum-moss-dominated; cool temperate zones; carnivorous plants.
• Fen – Alkaline, sedge/grass-rich; temperate/subtropical; orchids, water lilies.
• Marsh – Standing water with emergent reeds/rushes/cattails; coastal/riverine; waterfowl, fish, amphibians.
• Swamp – Forested wetland with standing water; tropical/subtropical; mangroves, crocodiles, monkeys.
• Mangrove – Salt-tolerant trees/shrubs in tropical coastal zones; nursery for fish, shellfish, birds.

Each supports unique ecosystems and provides critical services like flood control and carbon storage.