- Marimba: The marimba is a wooden xylophone and is one of the most iconic traditional instruments of Costa Rica. It is often played in bands called "marimbas" or "cimarronas."
- Tambor de Mano: The tambor de mano (hand drum) is another essential traditional instrument, usually made from a hollowed-out log or metal barrel and covered with animal skin. It is played with bare hands and is often accompanied by marimbas in traditional music.
- Guitarra: The guitar is widely used in Costa Rican music and is often combined with other traditional instruments. It is influenced by Spanish folk and Latin American music.
- Violín: The violin is another popular instrument, reflecting Costa Rica's European heritage. It is used in various music genres, including folk music, popular "tropical" music, and even traditional Costa Rican waltzes.
- Ocarina: The ocarina, a wind instrument made of clay, is another traditional Costa Rican instrument. It produces soft and melodic tones and is often used in folk music.
- Pura Vida Music: Pura vida is a philosophy of life in Costa Rica that means "pure life" or "simple life." It has become synonymous with the country's laid-back and positive approach to life. Pura vida music is a genre that incorporates elements of reggae, folk, Latin, and rock. It is typically characterized by its upbeat and often spiritual lyrics.
These traditional instruments and musical forms are celebrated in various festivals and events throughout Costa Rica, showcasing the country's rich musical heritage.