Types of Soil in the Caribbean

The Caribbean is made up of over 115 islands and has a tropical environment which makes it very popular with tourists. Cuba, Jamaica and Puerto Rico are among some of the many islands in the Caribbean. The Caribbean islands have many different distinct types of soil that can be found in various areas.
  1. Zarzal Soil

    • Zarzal soil is well drained and runs deep. Zarzal soil can be found on the convex area of mountainsides. It is identified by a dark red color on the surface layer of the soil. The surface layer of the Zarzal soil is about 1 inch thick and is a brown clay. The next layer down on the soil is a yellowish to brown color clay which can run as deep as 35 inches. Finally, the lowest level of the subsoil is made of a brown clay and it can extend to 82 inches deep. The color of the soil at this depth can range from different reds to grays. At depths of deeper than 90 inches, the soil becomes a deep brown color and has a texture that is more like gravel than clay.

    Cristal Soil

    • Cristal soil runs deep and does not drain well. This soil is found in coves and slopes and also in drainage ways. The surface layer of Cristal soil is brown and is a clay loam which extends to approximately 2 inches down. The next layer of the subsoil is about 15 inches deep and is clay that is pale brown in color with mottled shades of red, gray and brown. The next layer of Cristal soil, which is about 26 inches down, is a gravelly type clay that is brown to yellow in color. Past this layer and up to a depth of approximately 40 inches is the next level of soil, which is a dark brown clay with dabs of red, gray and brown. The next layer, the substratum, extends down to about 60 inches and is a yellowish- to red-colored clay loam.

    Humatas Soil

    • Humatas soil runs very deep and drains well. This soil is found on the side slopes of mountains and on the tops of ridges. The surface layer is commonly a deep, dark brown with a silty texture. This silty clay top layer extends to about 4 inches down. The next layer of the subsoil is approximately 12 inches thick and is a yellow to brown color. It is a silty type of clay texture as well. The next layer runs down about 19 inches and is a yellowish brown color with splashes of red thrown in. The next layer, which is about 60 inches thick, is yellow and red clay. The substratum, which goes below the 60 inches and deeper, is a red clay with shades of yellow.

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