Are There Crocodiles in the Mediterranean Sea?

Extremely rare, but yes. The Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus)—Africa's only true crocodile—has been recorded in the eastern Mediterranean (Levant coast: Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey) on a handful of occasions.

• Likely vagrants swimming from Nile Delta or released/escaped captives.
• No breeding population established; Mediterranean winters too cold for nesting.
• Historical accounts (Herodotus, Strabo) mention crocodiles in Syrian rivers—now extirpated.

Other crocodilians (caimans, alligators) are absent. If you see a "crocodile" in the Med, it's almost certainly a misidentified loggerhead turtle or a lost pet.