The Sierra Madre Ranges Are in Mexico, Not Central America

There are no "Sierra Madres" in Central America. The three Sierra Madre ranges are entirely within Mexico:

1. Sierra Madre Occidental – Western spine, parallel to Pacific. Copper Canyon (Barrancas del Cobre). Highest: Cerro Mohinora (~3,300 m).
2. Sierra Madre Oriental – Eastern range, parallel to Gulf of Mexico. Monterrey sits in its foothills. Highest: Cerro Potosí (~3,700 m).
3. Sierra Madre del Sur – Southern Mexico (Guerrero, Oaxaca). Meets the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Highest: Cerro Teotepec (~3,700 m).

Central America's Mountains

Central America has its own volcanic cordilleras (e.g., Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, Cordillera de Talamanca, volcanic arcs of Guatemala/El Salvador/Nicaragua/Costa Rica)—distinct from Mexico's Sierra Madres.