How did Timbuktu become a city of learning?

Timbuktu's rise as a city of learning was the result of several factors, including its strategic location, the patronage of wealthy merchants, and the establishment of educational institutions.

Strategic location: Timbuktu is situated at a crossroads of trade routes between the Sahara Desert and West Africa. This made it a hub for merchants and scholars from various regions, who brought with them different ideas and knowledge.

Patronage of wealthy merchants: The wealthy merchants of Timbuktu played a crucial role in promoting learning and education. They provided financial support to scholars, built libraries and mosques, and established schools.

Establishment of educational institutions: Timbuktu became home to several renowned educational institutions, including the University of Sankore. The university was founded in the 13th century and quickly became a centre of Islamic learning. It attracted scholars and students from across the Muslim world, who came to study subjects such as theology, law, medicine, mathematics, astronomy, and literature.

In summary, Timbuktu became a city of learning due to its strategic location, the patronage of wealthy merchants, and the establishment of prominent educational institutions like the University of Sankore.