Why Chicago Is Called the "Windy City" and "Second City"

Chicago is widely known by two nicknames:

Windy City

Attributed to the strong winds off Lake Michigan, which give the city a distinctive climate.

Second City

Origins are debated. Some link it to Chicago’s rapid 19th‑century growth as a major commercial and cultural center—yet still second to New York ("First City"). Others trace it to the city’s vibrant literary/artistic scene, drawing comparisons to Paris ("City of Light"). Both nicknames are used affectionately, not as official designations.