Forest Type at the Equator: Tropical Rainforest

The belt around the equator (0–10° latitude) hosts tropical rainforests. Defining traits:

• Year-round warmth (25–27°C / 77–81°F)
• High rainfall (2,000–10,000 mm/year), no dry season
• Multi-layered canopy (emergent, canopy, understory, forest floor)
• Unmatched biodiversity: ~50% of Earth's species on 6% of land
• Rapid nutrient cycling; thin, acidic soils

Major blocks: Amazon, Congo Basin, Southeast Asia (Borneo, Sumatra, New Guinea).