July Revolution succeeded: Charles X overthrown; constitutional monarchy under Louis-Philippe established.
Belgian Revolution succeeded: independence from Netherlands; Kingdom of Belgium under Leopold I.
November Uprising failed; brutally suppressed by Russia.
Multiple uprisings; resisted by Austria and internal divisions. Partial successes: Roman Republic, Sardinian constitutional reforms.
Liberal National Assembly and democratic reforms emerged, but conservatives regained control; Frankfurt Parliament failed to unify Germany.
March Revolution forced constitution and reforms, but monarchy crushed it later that year.
Independent republic declared, then defeated by Austrian/Russian forces.
Serfdom abolished, constitutional monarchies established, eventual union of Wallachia and Moldavia.
First Schleswig War: Danish victory preserved monarchy.
Sonderbund War: Catholic conservative cantons defeated; modern federal state created.
Overall: mixed results—some nations achieved independence or reforms; others saw revolutions crushed.