* Pierre de Monts: French explorer who founded the first permanent European settlement in North America at Port Royal, Nova Scotia, in 1605.
* Samuel de Champlain: French explorer who founded Quebec City in 1608 and made extensive explorations of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River regions.
* Henry Hudson: English explorer who sailed under the Dutch flag and explored the Hudson River in 1609.
* John Smith: English explorer who founded the first permanent English settlement in North America at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.
* George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore: English nobleman and Catholic convert who received a charter from King Charles I in 1632 to establish a colony in Maryland for English Catholics.