The Flemish are a Germanic ethnic group native to Flanders, the Dutch-speaking northern region of Belgium. Their defining characteristic is a distinct culture and language—Flemish (Vlaams)—which is a variety of Dutch and one of Belgium's two official languages alongside French.
Historically, Flemish populations also inhabited parts of present-day Netherlands, France (French Flanders), and Germany. This shared heritage creates strong cultural ties with the Dutch people, though Belgian Flemings have developed unique traditions, dialects, and institutions.
Flemish culture is celebrated for its contributions to art (the Flemish Primitives, Rubens, Van Dyck), architecture (medieval belfries, guildhalls), music, dance, and cuisine (moules-frites, chocolate, beer). The Flemish Movement has long advocated for linguistic rights and political autonomy within Belgium, shaping the country's federal structure.