- The highlands have long mountain chains separated by deep, narrow valleys and fjords (sea inlets of great depth between tall cliffs).
- This region has a great number of fast-flowing rivers.
- Rivers originating from these mountains plunge down through narrow and deeply cut valleys to meet the sea. These waterfalls are a source of potential hydroelectric power (HEP). One such famous waterfall is Victoria Falls situated at the Victoria city on the border of Zambia and Zimbabwe.