Europe’s Largest Economies (2021 GDP): Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain

Ranking by nominal GDP (2021):

1. Germany – $4.3 T (auto, machinery, chemicals, pharma)
2. United Kingdom – $3.3 T (finance, business services, manufacturing)
3. France – $2.9 T (aerospace, luxury, pharma, auto)
4. Italy – $2.1 T (machinery, fashion, food, auto)
5. Spain – $1.9 T (tourism, auto, pharma, agribusiness)

All five are deeply integrated into EU/EEA trade networks and global value chains.