1. Bruges, Flanders (present-day Belgium): Bruges was a major center for cloth production and trade, and was known as the "Venice of the North".
2. Ghent, Flanders (present-day Belgium): Ghent was another important center for cloth production, as well as for metalworking and shipbuilding.
3. Ypres, Flanders (present-day Belgium): Ypres was renowned for its fine linen and woolen cloth, and was a major center for trade with England.
4. Lille, Flanders (present-day France): Lille was a center for textile production, as well as for trade with the Low Countries and France.
5. Tournai, Hainaut (present-day Belgium): Tournai was known for its metalworking and tapestry industries, and was a major center for trade with France.
6. Florence, Italy: Florence was a major center for cloth production, as well as for banking and finance.
7. Venice, Italy: Venice was a major maritime power and trading center, and was known for its production of glass, silk, and shipbuilding.
8. Milan, Italy: Milan was a major center for textile production, as well as for metalworking and engineering.
9. Genoa, Italy: Genoa was a major maritime power and trading center, and was known for its production of silk, velvet, and shipbuilding.
10. Barcelona, Catalonia (present-day Spain): Barcelona was a major center for textile production, as well as for trade with the Mediterranean and the Levant.
