The first references to leprosy in Ireland date from the 7th century, when the laws ascribed to the Irish king Diarmait mac Cerbaill (who reigned from 544-565) established regulations for the segregation of those afflicted with the disease.
Leper hospitals and colonies were established in Ireland from the early Middle Ages, and some of these continued to operate into the modern era. The most famous of these was the Leper Hospital at Enniscorthy, County Wexford.
The incidence of leprosy in Ireland declined significantly over time, and the last known case in Ireland was diagnosed in the early 20th century.