The early settlers of Guernsey County were primarily farmers, and the county's economy was based on agriculture. In the 19th century, the county also experienced a boom in coal mining, and several coal mines were opened in the area. However, the coal mining industry declined in the 20th century, and the county's economy shifted to manufacturing and services.
Today, Guernsey County is a rural county with a population of approximately 40,000 people. The county's economy is based on a variety of industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and retail. Guernsey County is also home to several historical and cultural attractions, including the National Road, the Cambridge Glass Museum, and the Salt Fork State Park.