The main agricultural activities in the eastern region include:
- Soybean cultivation: Paraguay is one of the largest producers and exporters of soybeans in the world. Soybeans are primarily grown in the eastern part of the country, particularly in the departments of Alto Paraná, Itapúa, and Canindeyú.
- Corn (Maize) production: Corn is another important crop grown in Paraguay, mainly for domestic consumption and livestock feed. Corn cultivation is also concentrated in the eastern region.
- Wheat cultivation: Wheat is grown in Paraguay, primarily for domestic consumption. Wheat farming is mostly practiced in the eastern departments, such as Caaguazú and San Pedro.
- Other crops: In addition to soybeans, corn, and wheat, the eastern region of Paraguay also produces other crops such as sugarcane, cassava, rice, beans, and fruits like oranges, bananas, and grapefruit.
The eastern region of Paraguay is considered the country's agricultural heartland due to its favorable conditions for farming and its contribution to the national economy.