- August 15, 1537: Foundation of Asunción, the capital of Paraguay, by Spanish conquistadors.
- 1617: The Jesuits arrive in Paraguay and begin their missionary work among the indigenous Guarani people.
- 1735: The Guarani War between the Spanish and Portuguese colonists over control of the territory that is now Paraguay.
- 1767: The Jesuits are expelled from Paraguay by the Spanish crown.
- May 14, 1811: Paraguay declares independence from Spain.
- 1864-1870: The Paraguayan War, also known as the War of the Triple Alliance, in which Paraguay fought against Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. Paraguay lost the war and suffered significant territorial losses.
- 1936: The Chaco War between Paraguay and Bolivia over control of the Chaco Boreal region. Paraguay won the war and gained control of the disputed territory.
- February 2 and 3, 1989: President Alfredo Stroessner is overthrown in a military coup after ruling for 35 years.
- 1992: Paraguay adopts a new democratic constitution.
- 2018: Mario Abdo Benítez becomes the president of Paraguay.