- Spanish conquistador who led the first European expedition into Costa Rica in 1563.
- Founded the city of Cartago, the first permanent European settlement in Costa Rica.
2. Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez:
- President of Costa Rica from 1870 to 1876 and from 1877 to 1882.
- Modernized Costa Rica's infrastructure, including the construction of roads, bridges, and schools.
- Established Costa Rica's public education system.
3. José Figueres Ferrer:
- President of Costa Rica from 1948 to 1949 and from 1953 to 1958.
- Led the 1948 Costa Rican Civil War, which resulted in the overthrow of President Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia.
- Abolished the Costa Rican military and established the country's social security system.
4. Óscar Arias Sánchez:
- President of Costa Rica from 1986 to 1990.
- Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1987 for his efforts to promote peace in Central America.
- Negotiated the Esquipulas Peace Agreement, which ended the civil wars in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Nicaragua.
5. Laura Chinchilla Miranda:
- President of Costa Rica from 2010 to 2014.
- First woman to be elected president of Costa Rica.
- Focused on improving education and reducing poverty during her presidency.