Florida is the southernmost state in the contiguous United States. It is bordered to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by the Gulf of Mexico, and to the west by the Gulf of Mexico and Alabama. Florida is the third-most populous state in the United States, with a population of over 21 million. The state capital is Tallahassee, and the largest city is Jacksonville.
Florida was first explored by Spanish explorers in the 16th century. The first permanent European settlement was founded in 1565 at St. Augustine, which is the oldest continuously inhabited European-founded city in the United States. Florida was a Spanish colony until 1763, when it was ceded to the British Empire as part of the Treaty of Paris. The British ruled Florida until 1783, when it was returned to Spain. Florida became a United States territory in 1821 and was admitted to the Union as the 27th state in 1845.